Glossary
Basic concepts you need to know to start trading.
Trading
A
Abnormal Market Conditions - a rapid or thin market.
Account history - a register of completed transactions, balance operations and cancelled orders in the customer’s account.
Asian Session - between the hours of: 23:00 to 08:00 (Tokyo).
Ask - the price a seller or market-maker is willing to accept for a traded instrument; also known as the offer price; a price for establishing an open Buy position.
Account history - a register of completed transactions, balance operations and cancelled orders in the customer’s account.
Asian Session - between the hours of: 23:00 to 08:00 (Tokyo).
Ask - the price a seller or market-maker is willing to accept for a traded instrument; also known as the offer price; a price for establishing an open Buy position.
AUS 200 - another name for the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX 200); 200 stands for top 200 (by market capitalisation) companies listed on the ASX.
Aussie - Aussie or Ozzie are nicknames for the AUD/USD currency pair.
Available Margin - also called free margin; a rest of funds in the customer’s account with the deduction of margin, floating profit/loss and rollovers summary.
Aussie - Aussie or Ozzie are nicknames for the AUD/USD currency pair.
Available Margin - also called free margin; a rest of funds in the customer’s account with the deduction of margin, floating profit/loss and rollovers summary.
B
Balance - a summarised financial result of all funds deposited in, and withdrawn from the customer's account, and of all closed positions in that account.
Base Currency - the first currency in a currency pair (e.g. if EUR/USD rate is 1.3283 then one EUR is worth 1.3283 USD).
Base Rate - the given central bank country lending rate, which is used by banks to calculate the interest rate given to borrowers.
Basis Point - a unit that describes the minimum change in the price of a product.
Bear - slang for a trader who expect prices to decline; trader who is holding a short position.Bearish / Bear market slang for a downtrend market (price is declining).
Bid - the price at which a seller or a market maker is willing to buy a traded instrument; a price for establishing an open Sell position.BOC
Bull - slang for a trader who expect prices to rise; trader who is holding a long position.
Base Currency - the first currency in a currency pair (e.g. if EUR/USD rate is 1.3283 then one EUR is worth 1.3283 USD).
Base Rate - the given central bank country lending rate, which is used by banks to calculate the interest rate given to borrowers.
Basis Point - a unit that describes the minimum change in the price of a product.
Bear - slang for a trader who expect prices to decline; trader who is holding a short position.Bearish / Bear market slang for a downtrend market (price is declining).
Bid - the price at which a seller or a market maker is willing to buy a traded instrument; a price for establishing an open Sell position.BOC
Bull - slang for a trader who expect prices to rise; trader who is holding a long position.
Buy Stop - a pending order for establishing an open Buy position in thecustomer’s account, in the event the price on the specified instrument rises to the specifiedlevel; can be only executed at the Ask price and placed above the current Ask price of the specified instrument.
Bull / Bullish Market - slang for an uptrend market (price is rising).
Buy Limit - a pending order for establishing an open Buy position in the customer's account. In the event that the price on the specified instrument falls to the specified level; it can be only executed at the Ask price, and then placed below the current Ask price of the specified instrument.
Buy Position - an open position that represents expectation that the market price will increase (e.g. buying the base currency against the quote currency, or buying a contract for difference on an underlying security rate).
Bull / Bullish Market - slang for an uptrend market (price is rising).
Buy Limit - a pending order for establishing an open Buy position in the customer's account. In the event that the price on the specified instrument falls to the specified level; it can be only executed at the Ask price, and then placed below the current Ask price of the specified instrument.
Buy Position - an open position that represents expectation that the market price will increase (e.g. buying the base currency against the quote currency, or buying a contract for difference on an underlying security rate).
C
Cable - slang for the GBP/USD currency pair.
Candlestick Chart - one of the ways to view or present a chart. The Candlestick Chart indicates the opening and closing price in a chosen date range; if the close price is higher than the open price, then that area of the candlestick is not shaded, and vice versa if the open price is higher than the close price.
Central Bank - usually a government organisation that manages a country’s monetary policy.
CFD (Contract for Difference) - an object of a electronic transaction based on the price fluctuation of an underlying asset (e.g. stock or futures contract).
Chart - a diagrammatic representation of historical quotes in the form of lines, bars or candlesticks.
Client Log-file - a text file located in the folder 'MetaTrader4/Logs' that is used for recording all requests from the client terminal; it is created in the form of separate daily files.
Close By - a request or instruction for closing two locked positions on the same instrument.
Candlestick Chart - one of the ways to view or present a chart. The Candlestick Chart indicates the opening and closing price in a chosen date range; if the close price is higher than the open price, then that area of the candlestick is not shaded, and vice versa if the open price is higher than the close price.
Central Bank - usually a government organisation that manages a country’s monetary policy.
CFD (Contract for Difference) - an object of a electronic transaction based on the price fluctuation of an underlying asset (e.g. stock or futures contract).
Chart - a diagrammatic representation of historical quotes in the form of lines, bars or candlesticks.
Client Log-file - a text file located in the folder 'MetaTrader4/Logs' that is used for recording all requests from the client terminal; it is created in the form of separate daily files.
Close By - a request or instruction for closing two locked positions on the same instrument.
Commission - an amount of service payments charged to the customer’s account.
Contract - a request or instruction for closing a specified position at the current market price.
Contract Details - parameters of an instrument specified by us for customer trading and published on the our website.
Counterparty - one of the participants in a financial transaction.
Currency Pair - traded instrument based on the change of the value of one currency against another currency.
Customer - a physical or juridical person; a signatory of the Customer Agreement with company.
Customer Account (Account) - our customer’s personal system register of transactions, orders and balance operations.
Close - a request or instruction for closing a specified position at the current market price.
Contract - a request or instruction for closing a specified position at the current market price.
Contract Details - parameters of an instrument specified by us for customer trading and published on the our website.
Counterparty - one of the participants in a financial transaction.
Currency Pair - traded instrument based on the change of the value of one currency against another currency.
Customer - a physical or juridical person; a signatory of the Customer Agreement with company.
Customer Account (Account) - our customer’s personal system register of transactions, orders and balance operations.
Close - a request or instruction for closing a specified position at the current market price.
D
Data Feed - a stream of quotes in company's MT4 trading platform.
Dealer - an company's employee responsible for accepting customer requests, executing customer orders and carrying out the liquidation of customer open positions in the event of a Stop Out.
Deficit - negative balance for a trade or payment (i.e. not enough money).
Demo Account - practice account.
Dealer - an company's employee responsible for accepting customer requests, executing customer orders and carrying out the liquidation of customer open positions in the event of a Stop Out.
Deficit - negative balance for a trade or payment (i.e. not enough money).
Demo Account - practice account.
Depo - money deposited on an account.
Dispute, Complaint, Claim - an event that occurs when our customers believe that company's actions or inactions are erroneous or contradictory to what is found in the Terms or/and the company Customer Agreement, and vice versa.
Dividend Adjustment - an adjustment that is applied when a share passes its ex-dividend date (including the ex-date of any special dividend) in the underlying stock market.
Dispute, Complaint, Claim - an event that occurs when our customers believe that company's actions or inactions are erroneous or contradictory to what is found in the Terms or/and the company Customer Agreement, and vice versa.
Dividend Adjustment - an adjustment that is applied when a share passes its ex-dividend date (including the ex-date of any special dividend) in the underlying stock market.
E
ECB - European Central Bank.
ECN - Electronic Communication Network, which eliminates the third party in executing an order.
Equity - a net worth of funds in the customer’s account.
Exchange Execution - order execution mode where a transaction order is passed to an external gateway connected to an exchange or another liquidity provider.
ECN - Electronic Communication Network, which eliminates the third party in executing an order.
Equity - a net worth of funds in the customer’s account.
Exchange Execution - order execution mode where a transaction order is passed to an external gateway connected to an exchange or another liquidity provider.
Exotic pair - an instruction for cancellation of a pending order at a specified time and date.
Explicit Error - an event where the position opening or closing price significantly differs from the market price being actual at the moment of execution; an event where the execution of the customer’s order or request is inconsistent with the order or request by general meaning.
Explicit Error - an event where the position opening or closing price significantly differs from the market price being actual at the moment of execution; an event where the execution of the customer’s order or request is inconsistent with the order or request by general meaning.
F
FED - The Federal Reserve Bank (USA central bank).
Fill - means the order has been successfully executed.
Fill or Kill - order type where if the order cannot be filled, then it will be cancelled (killed).
Floating Profit/Loss - a difference value between the customer account’s equity and balance.
Fill - means the order has been successfully executed.
Fill or Kill - order type where if the order cannot be filled, then it will be cancelled (killed).
Floating Profit/Loss - a difference value between the customer account’s equity and balance.
FOMC - The Federal Open Market Committee is the policy-setting committee of the FED.
Foreign Exchange - Forex (FX) is the global market for buying one currency and selling another.
FRA40 - other name of CAC 40.
Foreign Exchange - Forex (FX) is the global market for buying one currency and selling another.
FRA40 - other name of CAC 40.
G
G7 - a group of seven nations including USA, Japan, Germany, UK, France, Italy and Canada.
Gap - significant difference between the two consecutive quotes; may be shown on charts as a blank field between bars or candles when the time period between the two quotes covers the bars or candlestick’s close time.
Gap - significant difference between the two consecutive quotes; may be shown on charts as a blank field between bars or candles when the time period between the two quotes covers the bars or candlestick’s close time.
GDP - Gross Domestic Product is the total value of a country's output, income, or expenditure produced within its physical borders.
H
Hawkish - refers to easier monetary policy or higher interest rates: opposite to dove.
Hedge - combination of positions or a position that reduces the risk of your primary position
I
Instant Execution - a request execution type that means all quotes shown in the Client Terminal can be accepted by company for customer trading, with no preliminary requests for quotes.
INX - symbol for S&P 500 index.
INX - symbol for S&P 500 index.
Initial Margin (Margin) - company’ requirement for security collateral to open a position.
L
Leverage - transaction size/margin ratio (e.g. 1:100 leverage means the customer needs to have 1% of the transaction size in his/her account as security collateral or margin).
LIBOR - The London Inter-Bank Offered Rate, which banks use as a base for international lending.
Locked Position - consists of equal long and short positions on the same instrument; locked positions require 50% of summarized margin for both positions.
Long Position - when the pair’s base currency is bought, the position is deemed long.
LIBOR - The London Inter-Bank Offered Rate, which banks use as a base for international lending.
Locked Position - consists of equal long and short positions on the same instrument; locked positions require 50% of summarized margin for both positions.
Long Position - when the pair’s base currency is bought, the position is deemed long.
Loonie - slang for Canadian dollar, which is also known as Funds.
Lot - a transaction size unit in MT4, where: 1 lot is equal to a contract on 100000 base currency units for currency pairs; 1 lot is equal to one unit of an underlying security for stock CFDs.
Lot Size - an amount of base currency units or underlying asset units that is specified by company contract as a transaction size per 1 standard lot.
Lot - a transaction size unit in MT4, where: 1 lot is equal to a contract on 100000 base currency units for currency pairs; 1 lot is equal to one unit of an underlying security for stock CFDs.
Lot Size - an amount of base currency units or underlying asset units that is specified by company contract as a transaction size per 1 standard lot.
M
Margin - a summarized value of the customer’s account funds that is reserved as security collateral for maintaining that customer’s open position; in accordance with company’ margin requirements.
Margin Level - an equity/margin percentage ratio.
Margin Trading - a customer trading service utilising the leveraged technique, which allows the customer to make transactions exceeding his/her account deposit.
Market Execution - order execution mode where a transaction is processed at the best price available on a trade server.
Margin Level - an equity/margin percentage ratio.
Margin Trading - a customer trading service utilising the leveraged technique, which allows the customer to make transactions exceeding his/her account deposit.
Market Execution - order execution mode where a transaction is processed at the best price available on a trade server.
Market Opening - the time when instruments become available for customer trading after weekends, holidays, regular closing intervals or server downtimes.
Market Order - an electronic instruction for opening a position in the customer’s account, at the current market price.
Modify - a request for modification of a pending order level; a request for placement, cancellation or modification, or Stop Loss & Take Profit levels on an open position or pending order.
Market Order - an electronic instruction for opening a position in the customer’s account, at the current market price.
Modify - a request for modification of a pending order level; a request for placement, cancellation or modification, or Stop Loss & Take Profit levels on an open position or pending order.
N
Normal Market Conditions - the opposite of a rapid market; where there are no market data errors.
New York Session - between the hours of: 08:00am to 05:00pm (New York time)
O
Order - an electronic instruction for opening or closing a position in the customer’s account on a specified instrument, in the event its price reaches the specified level.
Order Level - a price specified by the customer in the order placement request as an instruction for opening a position in his/her account, at this price and under conditions determined by the order type.
Order Level - a price specified by the customer in the order placement request as an instruction for opening a position in his/her account, at this price and under conditions determined by the order type.
Over The Counter (OTC) - describes any transaction that is not conducted via an exchange.
P
Point - a minimum price change (e.g. 0.0001 for EUR/USD); also called a Pip.
Price -a two-way quote consisting of Bid and Ask prices; a position’s opening or closing price; an order level.
Price -a two-way quote consisting of Bid and Ask prices; a position’s opening or closing price; an order level.
Price Gap - an event where the current Bid price is above the previous Ask price and vice versa.
Q
Quote - an electronic message about the current price displayed in the Client Terminal, which consists of demand price (Bid) and supply price (Ask).
Quoting - providing the customer with quotes that company may accept for buying or selling instruments in his/her account.
R
Rapid Market - market conditions characterized by significant price changes in short periods of time that frequently cause wide gaps between consecutive quote values.
Rate - the base currency value in the quoted currency for a currency pair; the underlying asset value for a CFD.
Rate - the base currency value in the quoted currency for a currency pair; the underlying asset value for a CFD.
Request - an electronic instruction for opening or closing a position, placement, cancellation or modification of an order that is given by the customer via the Client Terminal; a query for a two-way quote.
S
Sell Limit - a pending order for establishing an open Sell position in the customer’s account, in the event the price on the specified instrument rises to the specified level; can only be executed at Bid price and placed above the current Bid price of the specified instrument.
Sell Position - an open position, which represents expectation that the market price will decline (e.g. selling the base currency against the quote currency or selling a contract for difference on an underlying security rate).
Sell Stop - a pending order for establishing an open Sell position in the customer’s account, in the event the price on the specified instrument falls to the specified level; can only be executed at Bid price and placed below the current Bid price of the specified instrument.
Server Log-file - a text file generated by the MT4 server that is used for recording all events related to customer trading and platform performance, including all dialogues between client terminals and dealers.
Session Gap - a price gap between the first quote of the current market session and the last quote of the previous market session.
Slippage - a parameter of Expert Advisor that sets-up the maximum difference between the requested price and the dealer’s price, that is acceptable to Expert Advisor for opening a position in the customer’s account; a difference between the order’s price and its actual price execution.
Spike or Data Error - an incorrect quote generated by the server because of a data feed error; commonly looks like a significant price gap returning close to the previous level on the next price update, with no signs of rapid market around; Our team has the discretion, but not the obligation, to remove such errors from its quotes database.
Sell Position - an open position, which represents expectation that the market price will decline (e.g. selling the base currency against the quote currency or selling a contract for difference on an underlying security rate).
Sell Stop - a pending order for establishing an open Sell position in the customer’s account, in the event the price on the specified instrument falls to the specified level; can only be executed at Bid price and placed below the current Bid price of the specified instrument.
Server Log-file - a text file generated by the MT4 server that is used for recording all events related to customer trading and platform performance, including all dialogues between client terminals and dealers.
Session Gap - a price gap between the first quote of the current market session and the last quote of the previous market session.
Slippage - a parameter of Expert Advisor that sets-up the maximum difference between the requested price and the dealer’s price, that is acceptable to Expert Advisor for opening a position in the customer’s account; a difference between the order’s price and its actual price execution.
Spike or Data Error - an incorrect quote generated by the server because of a data feed error; commonly looks like a significant price gap returning close to the previous level on the next price update, with no signs of rapid market around; Our team has the discretion, but not the obligation, to remove such errors from its quotes database.
Split Close - a partial position closing (e.g. closing 0.5 lots of 2 lots).
Spread - the difference between Bid and Ask price, which is evaluated in points.
Stop Loss - an order for closing a specified open position at a specified level, in the event the price moves in an unfavourable direction; can only be executed at Bid price and placed below the current Bid price with reference to Buy positions; can be only executed at Ask price and placed above the current Ask price with reference to Sell positions.
Stop Out - a compulsory closing of the customer’s open positions by us, in the event the customer’s account does not satisfy company margin requirements.
STP - Straight Through Processing, i.e. passing all transactions electronically to the execution venue without human intervention
SWAP - an amount of overnight adjustments paid or charged to the customer’s account at 23.59 in the platform’s time zone, in accordance with values specified in company contract details; it is a daily settlement for margin trading services.
Swissy - slang for the Swiss Franc.
Symbol - an object of an electronic transaction (e.g. currency pair, stock CFD, futures CFD); an instrument within MT4.
Spread - the difference between Bid and Ask price, which is evaluated in points.
Stop Loss - an order for closing a specified open position at a specified level, in the event the price moves in an unfavourable direction; can only be executed at Bid price and placed below the current Bid price with reference to Buy positions; can be only executed at Ask price and placed above the current Ask price with reference to Sell positions.
Stop Out - a compulsory closing of the customer’s open positions by us, in the event the customer’s account does not satisfy company margin requirements.
STP - Straight Through Processing, i.e. passing all transactions electronically to the execution venue without human intervention
SWAP - an amount of overnight adjustments paid or charged to the customer’s account at 23.59 in the platform’s time zone, in accordance with values specified in company contract details; it is a daily settlement for margin trading services.
Swissy - slang for the Swiss Franc.
Symbol - an object of an electronic transaction (e.g. currency pair, stock CFD, futures CFD); an instrument within MT4.
T
Take Profit - an order for closing a specified open position at a specified level, in the event the price moves in a favourable direction
Thin Market - periods of low trading activity and amounts of quotes per time, as compared to normal market conditions (e.g. periods between 21.00 and 00.00 GMT and before Christmas holidays).
Thin Market - periods of low trading activity and amounts of quotes per time, as compared to normal market conditions (e.g. periods between 21.00 and 00.00 GMT and before Christmas holidays).
Ticket - a unique identification number of a position, order or balance operation in the customer's account.
U
U-Shaped Recovery - a chart shape showing a gradual price rise back to its previous peak, after gradual decline.
Uptick - a new price quote, at a price higher than the previous quote.
Uptick - a new price quote, at a price higher than the previous quote.
US OIL - short name for WTI Crude Oil
V
Value date - the future date on which counterparts to a financial transaction agree to determine the value of a product’s price; for a spot foreign exchange trade this date is normally two business days after a transaction is agreed.
V-Shaped Recovery - a chart shape showing recovery that involves a sharp rise to a previous peak, after a sharp decline.
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Henderson Digital Assets is a subsidiary of Janus Henderson Horizon Fund regulated by Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) of the United Kingdom under registration number 144111. Both companies are part of Janus Henderson Investors Europe S.A. Regulated by Financial Sector Supervisory Commission of Luxembourg (CSSF) under registration number B22848.
CFDs, FX, Crypto and any other leveraged products are complex instruments and come with a high level of risk of losing money due to the leverage used in these products. You should consider whether you understand how any product you trade or invest in is suitable for you, and whether the risk involved in trading or investing into these products is acceptable. It is important that you understand that with trading and investing, your capital is at risk. Past performance is not a guide to future performance. It is your responsibility to ensure that you make an informed decision about whether or not to trade and invest with Henderson Digital. If you are still unsure if investing is right for you, please seek independent advice.
CFDs, FX, Crypto and any other leveraged products are complex instruments and come with a high level of risk of losing money due to the leverage used in these products. You should consider whether you understand how any product you trade or invest in is suitable for you, and whether the risk involved in trading or investing into these products is acceptable. It is important that you understand that with trading and investing, your capital is at risk. Past performance is not a guide to future performance. It is your responsibility to ensure that you make an informed decision about whether or not to trade and invest with Henderson Digital. If you are still unsure if investing is right for you, please seek independent advice.
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